Soil ingestion: a concern for acute toxicity in children.
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Soil ingestion: a concern for acute toxicity in children.
Several soil ingestion studies have indicated that some children ingest substantial amounts of soil on given days. Although the EPA has assumed that 95% of children ingest 200 mg soil/day or less for exposure assessment purposes, some children have been observed to ingest up to 25-60 g soil during a single day. In light of the potential for children to ingest such large amounts of soil, an asse...
متن کاملDaily estimates of soil ingestion in children.
Soil ingestion estimates play an important role in risk assessment of contaminated sites, and estimates of soil ingestion in children are of special interest. Current estimates of soil ingestion are trace-element specific and vary widely among elements. Although expressed as daily estimates, the actual estimates have been constructed by averaging soil ingestion over a study period of several da...
متن کاملDaily soil ingestion estimates for children at a Superfund site.
Ingestion of contaminated soil by children may result in significant exposure to toxic substances at contaminated sites. Estimates of such exposure are based on extrapolation of short-term-exposure estimates to longer time periods. This article provides daily estimates of soil ingestion on 64 children between the ages of 1 and 4 residing at a Superfund site; these values are employed to estimat...
متن کاملSoil ingestion estimates for children residing on a superfund site.
Soil ingestion estimates were obtained from a stratified, simple random sample of 64 children aged 1-4 years residing on a superfund site in Montana. The study was conducted during the month of September for 7 consecutive days. The study utilized a mass-balance methodology in which eight naturally occurring soil tracers (Al, Si, Ti, Ce, Nd, La, Y, and Zr) believed to be poorly absorbed by the g...
متن کاملEstimates of Soil Ingestion in a Population of Chinese Children
BACKGROUND China's soil pollution poses serious health risks. However, data regarding the soil ingestion rate (SIR) of the Chinese population, which is critical to assessing associated health risks, are lacking. OBJECTIVES We estimated soil ingestion of 177 Chinese children from Guangdong, Hubei, and Gansu Provinces. METHODS We conducted this investigation by employing a tracer mass-balance...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Environmental Health Perspectives
سال: 1997
ISSN: 0091-6765,1552-9924
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.971051354